Hello.
Thank you for your query at DoctorSpring.com
I understand what you’re looking for. I will try to give you a list. Hope this is helpful.

1. IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA :

Most common cause of anemia worldwide. Mostly due to poor diet and excess bleeding.
My advice :

1. Adequate dietary iron intake. ( 10-15 mg per day ).
2. Increase the intake during bleeding. For example women should increase the intake during menstrual blood loss.

2. Beta-Thalassemia Major :
These patients have severe anemia, requiring blood transfusions.
My advice :

1. Genetic Counseling of the parents.
2. Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in refractory cases.

3. Megaloblastic anemia :
These patient present with anemia and neurological disturbances due to deficiency of vitamin b 12 in their serum.
My advice :

1. Have adequate vitamin b 12 sources like meat,fish and dairy products.
2. Regular blood counts and peripheral smear.

4. SICKLE CELL ANEMIA :
An autosomal recessive disorder in which abnormal hemoglobin leads to chronic hemolytic anemia with numerous clinical consequences.
My advice :

• Proper screening at the time of birth.
• Allogeneic Stem cell Transplantation.

5. Primary Myelofibrosis :
A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by fibrosis of bone marrow and splenomegaly.
My advice :

• Regular Peripheral smear study in those with family history.
• Bone Marrow Aspiration.

6.Chronic Myeloid Leukemia :
CML is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by overproduction of myeloid cells.
My advice :

• Screening for Philadelphia Chromosome.
• Bone Marrow Aspirate.

7. Multiple Myeloma :
It is a malignancy of hematopoietic stem cells.
My advice :

• Bone Marrow Aspirate to look for monoclonal plasma cells.
• Proper antibiotic coverage and prompt treatment to prevent infections.

• 8.Hemophilia :

Platelet dysfunction disorder. X-Linked Recessive.
My advice :

1. Regular Screening.
2. Genetic counseling among parents. Recombinant factor treatment.

9.Venous Thromboembolism :
Due to prolonged standing, immobilization, obesity (e.t.c )
My advice

• Prevent immobilization.
• Prophylactic Warfarin therapy in susceptible patients like those with hip fracture, knee fracture.

10. Aplastic Anemia :
Condition of bone marrow failure that arise from injury or suppression of hematopoietic stem cell.
My advice :-

• Avoid toxins such as benzene, toluene, insecticides.
• Avoid drugs like Gold salts, Phenytoin, sulfonamides ( e.t.c)

Just a Note :
Please understand that most hematological disorders are genetic and mutation related and hence there is no prevention as such. The only way we can treat is through stem cell transplantation. That is both therapeutic and diagnostic. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment is the mainstay in hematology.
Please let me know if you need any further help,
Regards.